ognizant Communication Corporation

Event Management, Vol. 6, pp. 65-83, 2000
1525-9951/00 $20.00 + .00
Copyright © 2000 Cognizant Comm. Corp.
Printed in the USA. All rights reserved.

¹Division of Industrial Organisation, Luleå University of Technology, SE-971 87 Luleå, Sweden
²ETOUR, European Tourism Research Institute, SE-831 25 Östersund, Sweden

Using an archive study and a survey, the authors have examined how the bid committees of the four finalist cities formulated and communicated their bids for selection as hosts to the 2002 Olympic Winter Games. The aim was to identify the bidders' views regarding the appropriateness of the messages and messengers chosen, the other actors involved, and the channels of communication selected in order to win. The response from the winner, Salt Lake City, indicated that messages with little or nothing to do with the organizing of the Olympic Winter Games were of almost equal importance to those describing the implementation of the proposed Games. Compared to the other bidders, Salt Lake City considered the nonverbal components consisting of messengers, other actors, and channels to be far more influential on the choices made by IOC members. Only one representative of a bidding committee thought that it was very important to the IOC members that the candidate cities followed the IOC's bidding rules.

Key words: Bid; Decision process; Mega-event; Marketing; Olympic Games

Address correspondence to Christer Persson. E-mail: inventor@mail.op.se

Department of Restaurant, Hotel, Institutional, & Tourism Management, Purdue University, 1266 Stone Hall, West Lafayette, IN 47907

Personal interviews and mail surveys were used to examine consumers' perceptions and concerns about the healthfulness and safety of food served at fairs and festivals and other types of food preparation locations. A total of 304 responses were collected. Home-prepared foods were perceived as the most healthful and safest, while foods served at outdoor fairs and festivals and fast food restaurants were considered the most unhealthful and least safe. Food poisoning/spoilage was the major safety concern, while fat or cholesterol was the major health concern at all locations. Insect and dirt or dust contaminations were major concerns when eating at outdoor fairs and festivals.

Key words: Food Safety; Consumer perceptions; Healthfulness; Fairs and festivals

Address correspondence to Richard Ghiselli, Ph.D. Tel: (765) 496-2374; Fax: (765) 494-0327; E-mail: ghisellir@cfs.purdue.edu

¹Tourism and Hospitality, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
²Director of Events Marketing, Singapore Tourism Board

This article profiles the development and future potential of the meetings and convention (MICE) industry in Singapore. More than 400,000 international visitors attend over 4000 events every year in Singapore. The MICE sector is the highest earning component of the Singapore tourism industry, with the average attendee spending more than $2000 per visit. Although Singapore has state-of-the-art industry infrastructure and hardware, questions remain about the training and development of sufficient local human capital needed to manage the future of this globally competitive and specialized industry.

Key words: Singapore; Meetings; Incentives; Conventions; Exhibitions; Trade shows

Address correspondence to Donald J. MacLaurin. Tel: (65) 790-5424; Fax: (65) 791-3697; E-mail: adjmaclaurin@ntu.edu.sg

*Reprinted with permission from: Proceedings, the Convention/Expo Summit VIII, Las Vegas NV, February 2000.

Department of Hotel, Restaruant and Tourism Management, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, P.O. Box 40399, Lafayette, LA 70504-0399

The purpose of this study was to assess krewe members' spending on the 1998 Mardi Gras. The study examined the spending of krewe members at Mardi Gras balls, events leading up to the balls, as well as the amount of spent during the Mardi Gras parade itself. Data were collected by the distribution of a self-administered mail survey to krewe members of the Greater Southwest Louisiana Mardi Gras Association. Examination and analysis of the results of this study will be very helpful in determining the economic effect that Mardi Gras celebration has on the city of Lafayette.

Key words: Mardi Gras; Krewes; Balls; Parades; Lafayette, LA

Address correspondence to Jerome F. Agrusa, Ph.D. Tel: (337) 4823-1015; E-mail: jagrusa@usl.edu